By Eric Burse
LOS ANGELES -- Growing up in South Los Angeles was normal according to USC student La Mikia Castillo. She grew up with her mother and sister in several different neighborhoods in South Los Angeles during her childhood. “It wasn’t until I left South Los Angeles, went to college and started to live in other neighborhoods that I recognized that the places where I grew up didn’t have access to fresh foods like others did in other parts of the city,” said Castillo. She is now a graduate student at the USC School of Public Policy studying the food desert issue in her hometown.
These areas anywhere are known as ‘food deserts’. Healthful foods such as fruit and vegetables, whole grains, lean meats and dairy, are hardly able to be found in these neighborhoods. Full-service grocery stores are scarce. However, fast-food restaurants are easily accessible and can be found on almost any block.
‘Food desert’ is a term that describes geographic areas where mainstream grocery stores are either totally absent or inaccessible to low-income shoppers. South Los Angeles is one of the foremost examples of this issue in the nation. This area has one of the poorest food resources in the county. South Los Angeles is home to over 1.3 million people, the area’s 60 full-service grocery store serve an average of 22,156 residents, according to Community Health Councils. In contrast, West Los Angeles has 651,000 residents and 57 stores, which each serve only 11,150 residents, according to Community Health Councils.
Aside from the small number of grocery stores in South Los Angeles, the quality of food in the stores they do have is lower than other areas. Only 27.6 percent of adults in South Los Angeles rate the quality of the fresh fruits and vegetables where they shop as high, compared to 51.6 percent in West Los Angeles and 36 in the county overall, according to Community Health Councils.
“In the past 10 years we have come a long way, but there is still much to do to eliminate food access disparities for LA’s poorest citizens,” said Dr. Lavonna Blair Lewis, USC School of Public Policy professor.
“Efforts are being made on a variety of different fronts to improve this issue,” said Dr. Lewis. The Los Angeles city council passed a fast-food moratorium for the South Los Angeles area, effectively banning news fast food restaurants from forming. This ban has been considered one of the most radical moves by any city to combat this rising obesity and heath issue.
“If people don’t have better choices or don’t have the time or knowledge or curiosity, they are going to take what’s there,” said Councilwoman Jan Perry.
Other efforts sparked by the city and non-profit organizations are starting to transform popular liquor stores in South Los Angeles to markets. Corner and convenience stores that ideally replace grocers have become abundant throughout South Los Angeles. These markets aim to have fresh food visible for citizens who may not have a full-service grocery store within several miles.
Efforts in these areas have been ongoing for years, but there are still several barriers that stand in the way of completely eliminating the problem. Identifying acceptable sites for stores then having to deal with costly infrastructure and a lengthy development approval process discourages new grocers from moving into the area. Also, residents of South Los Angeles have a presumed lack of disposable income and the neighborhoods have bad perception in general.
There are some stores that are partnering with city leaders to prove these perceptions wrong. Fresh & East neighborhood market opened up its first South Los Angeles location one year ago. The store is a part of a broader redevelopment program to revitalize the central corridor. “We continue to open stores in all types of neighborhoods because we fundamentally believe that everyone, regardless of where they live, deserves access to quality, fresh food at affordable prices,” said a Fresh & Easy spokesperson.
While the contribution and inclusion of Fresh & Easy in South LA is a great landmark, leaders on this issue say there are a long way to go and several other people that need to get involved. “Yes, it is great to get more grocery stores in the area, but we need to also educate and focus the community members on what healthy eating it, how to make better decisions and more,” said Castillo.
“This is an issue that’s not going to be fixed in five or ten years,” said Castillo.